Process for removing surface finishes.



enamel, shellac,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GUSTAVE DOSSELMAN AND PERCYNEYMAN N, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORS'TO CHADE- LOID CHEMICAL COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF WEST VIRGINIA.

BROOESS FOB- REMOVING SURFACE FINISHES.

Original application filed June 24, 1903,

To all whom it may conrern: Be it known that we, GUSTAVE DossEL- MAN and PERCY N EYMANN, residents of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and use ful Improvements'Relating to Processes for Removing Surface Finishes, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates generally to the removal from asurface of previously applied finish, such, for instance, as varnish, paint, gums and lacquers, thereby restoring the treated surface to its original condition prior to the application of the finish.

The usual method of removing Varnish or other finish from surfaces, such for instance, as wood work, pre aratory to refinishing them, involves the s ow and tedious process of removing the finish from the surface 1W scraping withv a sharp instrument or by burnmg. vides for theeasy "and thorough remova of the varnish or other finish from surfaces and obviates the labor incident to scraping -or burning. According to our invention, a composition of matter is provided which when applied to the finish surface will attack and dissolve the finish so that it may be removed from the surface simultaneously with the removal of the composition. This removing composition comprises a liquid which will attack and dissolve the varnish or other finish u on a surface and evaporation retarding su stance which will prevent the too rapid drying of the liquid after it has dissolved the finish, so that the dissolved finish will be removed simultaneously with the removal of the composition. In pre paring such removers or com ositions of matter for removing varnish an other finish from surfaces, parafiin, benzol and acetone are preferably combined in proportions suitable to accomplish the desired result. A remover consisting of 45 pounds of paraffin, 135 gallons of benzol ahd 137 gallons of acetone gives excellent results in practiceand the method of use merely involves the a plication of the remover to the surface rom which the finish is to be removed and the subsequent removal the surface which simultaneously removes the finish which has been attacked and dis-.

solved, thereby leaving the surface entirely Specification of Letters Patent.

Our invention, on the contrary, ro-

of the composition from Patented Dec. 22, 1908.

Serial No. 162,885. Divided and. this application filed October 12, 1907,

Serial No. 397,087.

free from the finish and in the same condi tion in which it was prior to the a plication of the finish thereto. The benzol and acetone in this remover attack and dissolve the varnish or other finish while the paraflin prevents the benzol and acetone from dryin before the layer of composition is remove from the surface.

While paraffin is preferably used as the evaporation retarding ingredient, which prevents the too rapid drying of the composition, other forms of wax or waxdike material may be used, such as mineral wax, including the hydrocarbons akin to paraffin,

' vegetable wax, such as carnauba, or animal Wax-like material, such as beeswax-or fatty acids. Insteadof benzol alcohol may be used in the remover or other solvents of a generally benzolic character, such as other products similar to benzol, 01'' pecoal tar troleum roducts, such as benzin, may be employed? a It is to be understood that the term wax is used in the broad sense to include any of the above specified waxes or wax-likematerials .or equivalent evaporation retarding materials.

The composition may be made in li uid form by placing the benzol or equiva ent solvent in the receptacle or mixing tank and adding the paraifin or other evaporation retarding ingredient either in a melted condition or in the form of small particles after which the acetone is added. The remover may also be made in the form of a sermpaste,in which case additional thickemng material in theform of ceresin wax may be used in addition to the ingredients comprised in the liquid form of remover. A suitable semi-paste remover for practlcal conditions of operation may comprise i0 pounds of paraflin, 40 pounds of ceresin Wax, 140 gallons of benzol and 140 gallons of acetone. The semi-paste composition can be manufactured by first melting the paraf- I fin and ceresin wax together, and adding them to the benzol and acetone or the Waxes may be dissolved in the benzol' When alcohol is used as indicated above I v in place of benzol in these illustrative re movers, the liquid remover would comprise 45(pounds of paraffin, 135'gallons of alcohol 11 137 gallons of acetone and the semi paste remover would comprise 40 pounds of these ingredients being preferably thor stantial comprising composite finish softemng matehas oughly incor orated in a suitable mixing tank in whic the Waxy material may be first melted, as indicated.

By the use of removers or compositions of matter composed of the ingredients above described or their equivalents, not only varnish may be removed from surfaces, but other forms of finish by the application of the remover to the surface and the subsequent removal of the composition whereby the surface is restored to its original condition prior to the application of the finish thereto. Having thus described the invention in this application, which is a divisionalwcontinuation of United States patent application, 162,885, filed June 24, 1903. in connection with-a number of illustrative ingredients. formulas, and methods of preparation and use. to the details of which disclosure the invention is not, of course, to be limited,

what is claimed is 1. The process of removing paint or similar finish coatings which consists in applying to the aint or similar finish remover subl y neutral to wood and to skin and rial lncludin aromatic solvent and incorporated colloi al material thickening the remover and retarding the evaporation of the volatile material in the remover, in allowing the remover to remain on the finish until the finish softening materialhas attacked and loosened the same while excessive evaporation of the volatile material in the remover is retarded by the incorporated thickening material and in substantially simultaneously removing the treated finish and remover applied thereto so as to leave the supporting surface in substantially its original condition prior to the application of the finish thereto.

2. The process of removing paint or similar finish coatings which consists in applying to the paint or similar finish remover substantial y neutral to wood and comprising composite finish softening material including aromatic softening material and incorporated colloidal material thickening the remover and retarding evaporation of the volatile material in the remover, in allowing the remover to remain on the finish until the finish softening material has attacked and softened the'same while the excessive evaporation of the volatile material in the remover is retarded by the incorporated thickening material and in removing the treated finish and remover applied thereto.

3. The process of removing paint or similar finish coatings which consists in applying to the paint or similar finish remover substantially ing composite finish softening materia including aromatic softening material and neutral to wood and compris incorporated substantially solid material thickening the, remover to semizipasty substantially flu ht consistency an retarding evaporation 0 f the volatile material in the remover, in

allowing the remover to remain on the finish until the finish softening ma- 1 terial has attacked and "softened the same while the excessive evaporation of the volatile material in the remover is retarded by the incorporated thickening material, and in removing the treated finish and remover applied thereto so as to leave the supporting surface 1n substantially its original cond1- tion prior to the application of the finish thereto.

4. The process of removing paint or similar finish coatings which consists in apply- ,ing to the finish'remover substantially neutral to wood and comprising organic finish softening material and incorporated thickening material comprising paraflin thickening the remover and retarding evaporation of the volatile material in the remover, in allowing the remover to remain on the finish ,until the finish softening material has attacked and softened the same while the excesslve evaporation of the volatile material in the remover is effectively prevented by the incorporated thickening material, and in removing the treated finish and remover applied thereto.

5. 'lhe process of removing paint or similar finish coatings which consists in applying to the finish remover substantially neutral to wood and comprising organic finish softening material including ketonic softening material and incorporated substantially solid material thickening the remover and retarding evaporation of the volatile material in the remover, in allowing the remover to remain on'the finish until the finish softening material has attacked and softened the same while the excessive evaporation of the volatile material in the remover is retarded by the incorporated thickening maremover applied thereto.

' 6. The process of removing paint or similar finish coatings which consists in applying to the finish remover substantially neutral to wood and consisting largely of organic finish softening material and incorporated thickening material comprising waxy ma terial increasing the consistency of the remover and retarding evaporation of the volatile material in the remover and in allowing the remover to remain on the surface until the finish softening material has attacked and softened the finish while the excessive evaporation of the volatile material in the remover is effectively prevented by the action of incorporated thickening material and in removing the treated finish and remover applied thereto. v

7. The process of removing paint or simi.

lar finish coatings which consists in applying to the finish remover substantially neutral to wood and consisting largely of organic finish softening material and incorporated substantially solid thickening material increasing the consistency of the remover and retarding excessi e evaporation of the volatile material in the remo'ier, in allowing the remover to remain on the surface until the finish softening material has attacked and softened the finish while the excessive evaporation of the volatile material in the remozer is retarded by the action of the incorporated thickening material and in remo mg the treated finish and remover applied thereto.

8. The roeess of removing finish from a surface w ich consists in applying thereto substantially fluent remop'ercomprising comlpiosite finish softening material including etonic material and incorporated colloidal material gi'iing increased consistency to the remover to retard-excessi'xe flowing of the remover over the finish surface and retarding evaporation of the volatile material in the remower, in allowing the remo' er to remain on the finish until the finish softening material has attacked and softened the same while the excessi' e e'.aporation of the volatile material in the remover is retarded by the incorporated thickening material and in remov ing the treated finish and remover applied thereto.

9. The process of removing finish fromla surface which consists-in applying thereto substantially fluent remo: er consisting largely of composite finish softening material ineluding ketonic material and incorporated substantially waxy material gii'ing increased consistency to the remoxer'to retard excess- 1T6 flowing of the remover over the finish surface and retarding evaporation of the volsubstantially waxy material thickening the remover to semi-pasty substantially fluent consistency preventing the undesirable flowing of the remover O'.6I the surface and retarding the evaporation of the volatile ma terial in the remover, in allowing the remover to remain on the finish until the finish softening material has attacked and softened the same While excessive eva oration of the volatile material is efiective y prevented by the incorporated thickening material and in remoiing the treated finish and remover applied thereto.

11. The process of removing finish coatings which consists in applying to the finish remover substantially neutral to wood consisting largely of volatile organic finish softening material and incorporated thickening material comprising parafiin increasing the consistency of the remover and retarding evaporation of the'volatile material in the 'remo'.er, in allowing the remover to remain on the finish surface until the finish softening material has attacked and softened the finish while the excessive evaporation of the volatile material in the remover is effectively prevented by the action of the incorporated thickening material and in removing the treated finish and remover applied thereto.

12. The process of, removing'finish coatings which consists in applying to the finish remover substantially neutral to wood and consisting largely of volatileorganic finish softening material comprising ketonic material and incorporated substantially solid thickening material increasing the consistency of the removerand retarding the excessive evaporation of the'volatile material therein, in allowing the remover to ,remain on the finish surface until the finish softening material has attacked and softened the finish while the excessive evaporation of the volatile material in the remover is retarded by the action of the incorporated thickening material and in removing the treated finish andsremover applied thereto.

' 13. The process of removing finish coatings which consists in applying to the finish remover substantially neutral to wood and comprising composite finish softening matcrial including aromatic softening material and incorporated thickening material including parafiin thickenin the remover and retarding evaporation o the volatile material in the remover, in allowing the remover to remain on the finish until the finish softening material has attacked and softened the same while theexcessive evaporation of the volatile material in the remover is effectively prevented by the action of the incorporated thickening material on the exposed surface of the remover and in removing the treated finish and remover a plied thereto.

14. The process 0 removing finish from a surface which consists in applying thereto substantially fluent remover comprisin composite finish softening materia inc udin enzol and incorporated colloidal materia thickening the remover to retard excessive flowing of the remover over the finish surface and retarding evaporation of 'the Volatile material in the remover, in allowing the remover to remain on the finish untilthe finish softening material has attacked and softened the same while the excessive evaporation of the volatile material in the remover is retarded by the incorporated thickening material and in removing the treated finish and remover applied thereto.

15. The process of removing finish from a surface which consists in applying thereto substantially fluent remover com rising composite finish softening materia including aromatic softening material and incorporated colloidal material giving increased consistency to the remover to retard excessive flowing of the remover over the finish surface and retarding evaporation of the volatile material in the remover, in allowing the remover to remain on the finish until the finish softening material has attacked and softened the finish While the excessive evaporation of the volatile material in the remover is retarded by the incorporated thickening material and in removing the treated finish and remover applied thereto. Y

16. The process of removing finish coatings which consists in applying to the finish substantially fluent remover substantially neutral to wood consisting largely of organic finish softening material and incorporated thickening material including waxy material giving the remover increased consistency and retarding evaporation of the volatile material in the remover, in allowing the remover to remain on the surface until the finish softening material has attacked and softened the finish while the excessive evaporation of the volatile material in the remover is retarded by the action of the incorporated thickening material and removing the treated finish and remover applied thereto v 17. The process of removing finish coatings which consists .in applying to the finish remover substantially neutral to wood and comprisin composite finish softening mate-' rial lnclu ing ketonic and aromatic softening material and incorporated colloidal material thickening the remover to retard undesirable flowing of the remover over the surface and retarding evaporation of the volatile material in the remover, in allowing the remover to remain on the finish until the finish softening material has attacked and softened the same while the excessive evaporation of the volatile material in the remover is retarded by the incorporated thick ening material and in removing the treated finish and remover applied thereto so as to leave the supporting surface in substantially its original condition prior to the application of the finish thereto.

18. The process of removing finish coatwhich consists in applying to the finish 1n s suistantially fluent remover substantially neutral to wood and consistin lar ely of organic finish softening materia an incorporated. substantially solid thickening material increasing the consistency of the remover, retarding excessive flowing of the remover over the finish surface and'retarding the excessive evaporation of the volatile material in the remover, in allowing the remover to remain on the finish surface until the finish softening material has attacked and softened the same while excessive evaporation of the volatile material in the remover is retarded and undesirable flowing of the remover over the surface retarded by the incorporated thickenin material and in sulrstantially simultaneous y removing the treated finish and removerlapplied thereto.

19. The process of removing finish coatings which consists in applying to the finish remover s'ulcstantially neutral to wood and comprising composite finish softening mate'- rial including aromatic softening material and incorporated substantially waxy material thickening the remover and retarding the evaporation of the volatile material in the remover, in allowing the remover to re-- main 'on the finish until the finish softening material has attacked and softened the same while the excessive evaporation of the volatile material in the remover is retarded by the incorporated thickening material and in removing the treated finish and remover applied thereto.

GUSTAVE DOSSELMAN. PERCY NEYMANN.

Witnesses as to Ne'ymann:

"R. J. TYSON,. J. E. HALL. 

